Arash Emamzadeh attended the University of British Columbia in Canada, where he studied genetics and psychology. How to Handle People Who Are Eternally Evasive, Mass Shooters and the Myth That Evil Is Obvious, Transforming Empathy Into Compassion: Why It Matters, No Dr. Spock for Black Parents: Lessons From Tyre Nichols, Research Shows Why Attractive People Are More Narcissistic. The arrival of Afghan refugees, including some whose status is not materially different from asylum-seekers, proves this. We need to demystify refugees cultural practices so they appear less threatening. The act allowed approximately 190,000 refugees, escapees, and expellees to arrive in the United States before the legislation . show that asylum centers tend to isolate residents. (Image credit: Michele Tantussi /Getty Images), as the largest humanitarian crisis Europe has seen since World War II, were more likely to reject Muslim applicants, Swiss voters denying citizenship to Muslim applicants, fearing and discriminating against increasing numbers of Muslims in their midst, only a small share of the migrants there expressed an interest in reaching Europe, urban Ukrainians tend to have higher skill levels than other middle-income countries, Stanford scholar explores the impact of racial stress on Black youth. LIMBONG: Rana Khoury, a research associate at Princeton University focusing on conflict and displacement, says this language has impacts on global refugee policy. An anchor for Al-Jazeera English called Ukrainian refugees, quote, "middle-class people," in comparison to refugees from the Middle East and North Africa. subscribe to Stanford Report. As neighboring countries let in Ukrainian refugees, Africans living and studying in Ukraine say they're facing discrimination at border crossings. Assistant Professor Farzana Saleem on how to mitigate the toll racial stressors take on kids mental health. Millions of Ukrainians are living in unimaginable terror; but thankfully the countrys refugees will face a more accommodating Europe than did those who sought similar protection a decade earlier. The Century Foundation March 3, 2022. She says that's a pretty good sign of civilization. Religious and other prejudices are often intertwined; the disparity between how the EU treats Ukrainian and non-Ukrainian refugees stems from Europeans empathy for Ukrainians and the othering of African and Middle Eastern refugees. (Washington, DC) - The US deployment of border agents on horseback against Haitian migrants on September 19, 2021, stems from abusive and racially discriminatory immigration policies by the. The Dublin Convention has been divisive and especially difficult for Italy and Greece, which have struggled to accommodate migrants arriving by sea. About 18,000 refugees from Ukraine have arrived in Switzerland so far, with tens of thousands more expected by summer. Just last week, the U.S. expelled 86 Haitians who fled the recent earthquake and political unrest, and flew them back to Haiti under this policy. Moving forward, these new policies and attitudes towards people seeking refuge should be the norm . States concerned with the growing threat of terror may want to consider the repercussions of sending young refugees and migrants, who have spent the bulk of their youth fleeing wars, back to zones of political instability and chronic unemployment. Treatment of Haitians at the border in Texas exposes double standard toward refugees These asylum-seekers should be welcomed just like Afghans are being welcomed. The way we. In the words of Al Jazeera journalist Saif Khalid, when white people commit terrorism this is seen as an individual act that does not represent the entire race. In Srebrenica in July 1995, towards the end of the 1992-1995 civil war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbs massacred 8,000 Bosnian Muslims, a blatant act of genocide. Here are some suggestions: To understand the real effects of migration on us and our country, we must rely on data (e.g., economic indicators and crime rates), not ideology. Meanwhile, Poland erected a border fence, started to build a wall, passed legislation to make entry more difficult, and only accepted about 5.7 percent of asylum applications in 2020. As such, refugees are generally asylum seekers who have been granted the right to asylum in another country (refugee status). They met a woman from Guatemala traveling with her two daughters. More so, their action was a case study in poor strategic thinking. Andrew Limbong, NPR News. Is it a vague feeling of hostility or does it stem from specific unpleasant experiences or future worries? To counter this trend, employers and NGOs in Sweden and Germany offer asylum seekers apprenticeships, training courses and special-track employment to help them adapt to the national labor requirements and enter the labor market faster. During the civil war, civilians were often purposefully caught in the crossfire between Assad and opposition forces; for example, in 2013, Assads forces waged chemical war against civilians, killing 1,400. Since the passage of the Refugee Act in 1980, the U.S. has admitted more than 3.1 million refugees, and since 1990 more than 700,000 people have been granted asylum. The UNHCR has warned that the conflation of refugees and migrants has politicized humanitarian work, but the distinction was political at the onset, as it prioritizes victims of physical violence over victims of structural and economic violence. They often have no or very limited access to services, material assistance, adequate housing, health . In practice, refugees and migrants apply for the same asylum, which has somewhat disrupted the easy management of these categories. Furthermore, to many white and Christian Europeans, an influx of Middle Eastern and African Muslim refugees threatens power dynamics rooted in racial and religious hegemony, while incoming Ukrainians primarily strengthen them. What is threatening about refugees? An additional . The way we talk about conflicts can impact those who are already most directly affected by war, refugees. Landmann, H., Gaschler, R., & Rohmann, A. Turkish security guards shot and killed eleven Syrian refugees. In the past year, a record-high 65 million people have been displaced worldwide, including more than one million people who crossed borders into the European Union while thousands more died on the way. | king5.com. Why refugees from Ukraine have been treated differently European countries haven't seen such a large number of displaced people in this short period of time in recent history. The way the system is in place, most of the burden falls on groups like us, in terms of housing and transportation, says Chuevang Xiong, Director of Refugee Services at the International . The asylum program works to provide refugee protection to people in Canada who: have a well-founded fear of persecution or. The other hundreds, or perhaps thousands, of girls and young women who survived the journey are still in Kakuma Refugee Camp. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR. According to new research, many asylum seekers experience discrimination on the Swedish labor market. Guinean student Moustapha Bagui Sylla recalled, They stopped us at the border and told us that Blacks were not allowed. U.S. intelligence agencies have assessed that. She holds an MA in Near Eastern Studies from New York University and will be a PhD candidate in social anthropology at Columbia University in the fall. Compared to college students in previous samples, these participants reported perceiving even stronger threats and experiencing more hostility toward refugees. 1, People want to keep their identity and their profession when they go abroad. Refugees, for instance, pose an economic threat because they need jobs, low-cost housing, access to health care, etc. With blanket news coverage of the dire situation in Ukraine, Europeans are observing the situation of Ukrainians through this humanitarian lens and thus express greater support for them. In The Telegraph, Daniel Hannan wrote an article about Ukraine that led, they seem so like us. If they are able to overcome these barriers and enter the EU, non-Ukrainians face prolonged unemployment. 1. The Ukraine refugee crisis revealed deep-seated racism as racialized and Black refugees from Ukraine were treated differently. 5 Spiritual Practices That Increase Well-Being. A charity that helps refugees has said there is a big variation in how the UK helps people from different countries. This treatment also extended to racialized permanent . First, the rules of the EUs Dublin Convention will not pose the same burdens. Those seeking security at our southern border should not be treated any differently. If the U.S. can orchestrate a historic airlift of Afghan refugees in the midst of a pandemic, we cannot use Covid as an excuse to turn away those seeking protection at our southern border. . Tags: syria, refugees, eu, migration policy, Germany, chancellor angela merkel. Unlike Ukrainians, they must apply for asylum and wait for approval before seeking jobs. When it comes to these refugees being treated differently during their time of need, Abdelaaty's research shows that the labels used to describe those fleeing their homelandrefugees and migrantsimpacts how countries respond, including the actual definitions of who is a refugee and who is a migrant. But research suggests some approaches can help communities successfully absorb all kinds of refugees Analysis by Claire. The Ukraine crisis may serve as a reminder that migration policy should be based on more careful collection of data. She is interested in comparative politics, immigration law, and German. Given its magnitude, the Ukraine crisis may prompt leaders to consider policies that cast a wider lens, Laitin said. Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. It took three. For more information, see our full Privacy Policy. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) stipulates that while refugees are humanitarian subjects primarily seeking protection, migrants are economic subjects, seeking better lives. In addition, they found that every threat typeeven altruistic threat (concerns about the host countrys ability to care for refugees)was linked with negative views of immigration and refugees. As anthropologist Miriam Ticktin has documented, some even infect themselves with deadly diseases to gain protection as HIV-positive patients and thereby gain residence. In the wall-to-wall coverage of the crisis in Ukraine, a certain pattern has sometimes emerged that positions Ukrainians as different from other victims of conflict. He's the host of NPR's Book of the Day podcast and a frequent host on Life Kit. labor integration of both asylum seekers and refugees will generate long-term economic gains, specify that asylum seekers can only be employed, to be recognized by the national labor system, many asylum seekers experience discrimination, perpetrators behind the Paris attacks had exploited the asylum system, 40 percent of Germans calling for her resignation this year in response to her open-border policy, argued in a policy brief for The Century Foundation, accepted 69,900 refugees including a mere 2,192 Syrians last year. Kotada Al-Younes, a young Syrian journalist who has found exile in Sweden, told me that many Syrians in Sweden share this frustration with being confined and labelled as refugees: People want to keep their identity and their profession when they go abroad. LIMBONG: Keshavarz points to Poland accepting Ukrainian refugees when not that long ago, the country was telling scores of Afghans, Syrians and Iraqis, no, the country's full. Second, under the EUs temporary protection directive, any Ukrainian national who flees as a result of the invasion, plus his or her partners and children of any nationality, may receive permission to stay in any EU country for one year; previously, a Ukrainian passport permitted visa-free entry into the EU for only up to 90 days. This crisis requires countries that are accepting refugees to have . NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. Free visas to the EU. At least 660,000 people have fled Ukraine in the five days following the start of Russia's invasion, the United Nations refugee agency U.N.H.C.R. NPR's Andrew Limbong has more. For years, asylum seekers have navigated the asylum system by changing their sexual and national identities. In both the United States and Europe, the inevitability of multiculturalism and diversityand the resulting decay of white dominanceprompts nativism, racism, and xenophobia from the right. For example, people are not eligible to make a claim if they have: been convicted of serious criminal . A refugee is someone who has been forced to flee his or her home because of war, violence or persecution, often without warning. Stanford University. The U.S. government has committed to resettle tens of thousands of Afghan and Ukrainian refugees. A charity that helps refugees has said there is a big variation in how the UK helps people from different countries. Laitin is the James T. Watkins IV and Elise V. Watkins Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences and is a faculty co-director of the Stanford Immigration Policy Lab, which designs and evaluates immigration and integration policies and programs. How does Europes response to Ukrainian refugees compare to other crises? That's what makes it so shocking. Given the risk of deportation, many also avoid the system altogether and work informally instead. They are unable to return home unless and until conditions in their native lands are safe for them again. That's less likely to be true for people who decide to leave in the coming weeks, said Steve. In a strategic attempt to halt irregular migration while maintaining her principle of a generous domestic asylum policy, Merkel has facilitated an EU agreement with Turkey. Both direct and indirect threats were related to unfavorable attitudes toward refugees, so there may be a bidirectional relationship between peoples attitudes and their perception of threat: The perception of threat gives rise to negative attitudes toward outsiders, and negative attitudes also cause greater threat perception. There are several interconnecting reasons behind this sudden change in the way European citizens and states are responding to refugees. The Biden administration must immediately halt flights carrying asylum-seekers back to Mexico and Haiti and fully rescind Title 42 so that everyone seeking protection can petition for safety. Reportedly, some of the perpetrators behind the Paris attacks had exploited the asylum system to enter Europe, giving migration skeptics ample opportunity to call for border closures. Does a Dog's Head Shape Predict How Smart It Is? If you are an immigrant, particularly a recent refugee or asylum seeker, you may have already asked this question many times after having experienced prejudice, racism, and discrimination. Furthermore, according to Hanne Beirens, Migration Policy Institute think tank director, the prioritization of Ukrainian refugees restricts the resources available to other refugees, such as housing and language courses; this inequality creates a two-tiered system of refugee integration. Contrarily, due to racial, religious, cultural, and ethnic differences, Europeans feel less sympathy for other refugees. Furthermore, immigrants pose an identity threat, especially if they have a different cultural identity, religious identity, and value system than members of the host community. Perceptions of threat, according to previous research, are one of the most important predictors of attitudes and prejudice toward immigrants and other outgroups(p. 82).2. Laitin also offers insight into how European Union (EU) policy is supporting a surge of refugees that the United Nations has described as the largest humanitarian crisis Europe has seen since World War II. Although the Refugee Act of 1980 set an annual limit on refugee admissions, the law also authorized the President of the United . Asylum applicants in northern Europe receive welfare benefits including free education and health care while their applications are being processed, which presents a considerable cost to society. If there are too many refugees being housed in hotels, it's because the home office has been shown to be incapable of processing people quickly and letting them earn their own living. She said she told U.S. officers that she was a victim of violence in her home country and requested asylum at the U.S. border. Witnessing how Palestinian refugees have become caught in a state of permanent displacement, many Syrians are careful to disassociate themselves from the refugee identity. Religion is a key factor influencing attitudes toward refugees. By welcoming Ukrainian refugees and imposing economic sanctions on Russia, the EU has demonstrated its support for Ukrainian sovereignty and opposition to Russian aggression without direct military intervention. Black asylum-seekers from Africa face unique challenges in the U.S. African immigrants arriving in Texas are finding a litany of unique racial, cultural and practical challenges to becoming legal . Here, Laitin discusses how the experience of Ukrainian refugees compares to those fleeing other conflicts and difficulties, such as those escaping civil war in Syria and economic hardship in North Africa. HERIKA MARTINEZ/AFP/Getty Images. Syrian Palestinians have always been treated differently to their Syrian counterparts; whereas Turkish authorities have given Syrian refugees a "temporary protection" status using a specific regulation (which has become increasingly precarious over time), Palestinians (including Syrian Palestinians) have had to apply for visas to enter and stay . However, IPL research has found that Europeans care deeply about fairness in the EU asylum system, and that large majorities would support a plan to allocate asylum seekers in proportion to each countrys capacity, even if that meant their own country would receive more. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. It is not enough for them simply to stay alive. Many more Haitians trying to avoid this fate are being detained in Del Rio, Texas. You know, looking and seeing why African migrants aren't allowed to cross into Hungary is just as valid as just asking why Ukrainians are. It especially from Asia and Africa, to understand that Lebanon has a racism problem that goes beyond the discrimination of refugees. In the wall-to-wall coverage of the crisis in Ukraine, a certain pattern has sometimes emerged that positions Ukrainians as different from other victims of conflict. MAHDIS KESHAVARZ: I always kind of think this imagery of, like, this pearl clutch of being just aghast that something can happen in your backyard, where things are happening in other people's backyards all the time. Iraq is reclaiming territory and yet faces internal conflict and a long road to recovery. By Muhammad Idrees Ahmad, a lecturer in digital. Migrants, on the other hand, live without legal protection and can be deported at any time. Examining these six threat types, researchers tried to determine if only one or two of them might explain hostility toward refugees just as well or even better than all six factors combined. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are being paid $350 a month to join the Russian army and then sent to fight in Ukraine, U.S. news agency The Media Line reported on Feb. 28, citing a Lebanese . In 2016, Hungarian leader Viktor Orbn described migration as a poison, yet he recently exclaimed that Ukrainians are welcomed by friends in Hungary. EU nationseven those with notorious anti-migrant sentimentshave opened their arms and borders to Ukrainian refugees with unprecedented generosity. While the first three threats may be considered direct threats, the other three are extended threats. At least 2.5 million people need humanitarian assistance. Defying Dictatorships: An Interview with Garry Kasparov, On Atlantic Alliances and Autocrats: An Interview with Jeanne Shaheen. For the West, the line between right and wrong is simply the border between Ukraine and Russia. An anchor for Al-Jazeera English called Ukrainian refugees, quote, "middle-class people," in comparison to refugees from the Middle East and North Africa. In contrast, non-Ukrainian refugees have been physically assaulted by Polish and Belarussian patrolmen; left to freeze in the winter; detained in unhygienic camps in Greece; trapped in limbo between Poland and Belarus; assaulted with tear gas and water cannons near the Greece-Turkey border; and bombarded with xenophobic and anti-migrant rhetoric, especially in Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia. The United States has been consumed with the mass evacuation and resettlement effort for vulnerable Afghans in the wake of the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan. The U.S. has an opportunity to build off of its strong response to the Ukrainian refugee crisis. In The Telegraph, Daniel Hannan wrote an article about Ukraine that led, they seem so like us. Many are living with so-called foster families and are being exploited . As the opposition fragmented into various factions, terrorist groups exploited the chaos, targeting both Assads forces and civilians. The European Parliament stresses in a report that even though Sweden offers low working restrictions for asylees, their labor market is inflexible and poorly adaptable to employees with different skills. Rather than let a whole generation of young people from the Middle East and other strategic zones rot in camps where extremism thrives, the EU could turn the current crisis into an opportunity for regional change. Why don't we treat all refugees as though they were Ukrainian? (2019). Work permits alone do not guarantee refugees employment, though. At a time when Western states are highly concerned with maintaining influence in the Middle Eastern debacle, excluding people from their shores seems ill-advised. In practice, refugees are generally asylum seekers who have been granted the to. Information, see our full Privacy policy gain residence samples, these participants reported perceiving even stronger threats experiencing! 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