THEORIES CONCERNING THE CAUSATION OF DISEASE. This study further underscores the need to incorporate folk theories of disease causation, gender and malaria issues into malaria control strategies in order to improve their coverage and effectiveness in different contexts. Despite its existence and continued use, indigenous medicinal knowledge as well as education, training and research in the area, have lacked official recognition and support [3]. At home, we spread grass on the floor, we chew Khat in the name of Abduye, Kedir or Nura Hussien [the gods for Wednesday, Saturday and Tuesday respectively] to get the Melayka (angel) into our homes, to get the Wukabe[nature-spirit] close to us, to be heard by the gods. Functionalists also study culture in terms of values. He attended St. Xaviers College, Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal, to complete his Master of Science in Microbiology. Google Scholar. This level of familiarity would have increased the comfort participants felt sharing with the researchers. An official website of the United States government. Our analysis of the relationships of supernatural, natural and social elements to ill-health causation may provide useful input for the drafting and implementation of primary health care strategies at both local and global levels. Sanders Thompson VL, Johnson-Jennings M, Baumann AA, Proctor E. Use of culturally focused theoretical frameworks for adapting diabetes prevention programs: a qualitative review. They were very similar to the focus group participants in their demographic characteristics. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. THEORIES CONCERNING THE CAUSATION OF DISEASE. Development of understanding in Pathogenesis Meadows LM, Morse JM. Correlated with personalistic etiologies are the belief that all misfortune, disease included, is explained in the same way; illness, religion, and Health Disparities of Cardiometabolic Disorders Among Filipino Americans: Implications for Health Equity and Community-Based Genetic Research. The germ theory of disease came to the forefront, supplanting the earlier theories of disease causation. Anderson R. The efficacy of ethnomedicine: research methods in trouble. Federal Ministry of Health. Spirit Mediumship and society in Africa. Bryman A. It states that microorganisms known as pathogens or "germs" can lead to disease. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science. Descriptions of psychological causes of disease were also quite common in these communities: Well, if there are no hustles at ones home and its peaceful, the person becomes healthy. Nature of qualitative evidence. J Hum Lact. power point presentation, Epidemiology and preventive veterinary medicine.docx1, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, University of Amsterdam and University College London, Herbal Antimicrobials to Counter AMR.pptx. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Epub 2022 Apr 6. Infections were also identified as a common cause of illnesses: The use of non-sterilized sharp things for removing a childs milk teeth and female circumcision is consequential. Being healthy means alemelekef [not having a spell]. Our main collaborators in the study communities were the health extension workers and this may have impacted local perceptions about the study including who agreed to participate and what they shared with the researchers. Because if he lies and then touches the Rekebot, he will have skin disease; his child or cattle will die [Male, Study Community # 2]. This article's focus on disease causation derives from the emphasis on the political, economic, and cultural context of illness that characterizes Africanist scholarship in this field. The study employed a qualitative ethnographic method informed by Murdocks Theory of Illness. A. Sanchez-AiAnguiano Epidemiology 6000 Introduction zzEpidemiology: study of the distribution determinants and deterrents of Epidemiology: study of the distribution, determinants and deterrents of . Two principal etiologies are identified: personalistic and naturalistic. Choosing among five traditions. Three views of disease causation may be identified from the literature. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee in the College of Health Sciences Addis Ababa University, with either in writing or verbally (for those who were illiterate) consent to participate in the study being obtained from all study participants. Nigeria | 80 views, 8 likes, 0 loves, 1 comments, 2 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Catalyst Specialist Health Consult CSHC: Various Cultural theories of Disease causation in Nigeria Another example is the initiation of men by the Abegar, a name given to male community opinion leaders who are regarded as human agents who invoke the cult as the instigator of ill-health. First, germ theory separated the disease from the person suffering from the disease. Over one-third of the population in developing countries lacks access to biomedical health care services, often relying on traditional medicine and/or self-care [1]. Pasteur, Henle, Koch were the strong proponents of microbial theory after they discovered the micro-organisms in the patients secretions or excretions. Head of Epidemiology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute. Theories of Disease causation The site is secure. Beliefs on the causes of birth defects as perceived by mothers of children with birth defects in a tertiary care hospital in the Philippines. The indigenous religion of the people of this region recognizes the existence of a Supreme Being and other lesser spirits, namely, the ayana spirits which are believed to serve as intermediaries between man and the Supreme Being [8, 9]. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. 2022 Apr;13(2):183-191. doi: 10.1007/s12687-021-00543-2. Gender-based violence is a key factor . Helman (1990) presentation of lay theories of illness causation identified four sites; individual patient, the natural These postulates enabled the germ theory of disease to achieve dominance in medicine over other theories, such as humors and miasma. More than half (n=53) reported that they were illiterate, i.e., didnt read and write Amharic. The practice of epidemiology. L. W. Feezer. We will also share examples on how these common beliefs provide explanation as cause of illness and its implications in our genetic counseling profession. Permission to conduct the participant observation in the communities was provided by the heads of the health facilities. In total, 96 people participated in focus groups. Positive correlation is when you observe A increasing and B increases as well. Many of the participants in the study specifically related poverty and lack of appropriate food to ill health. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. As noted in other studies, effective primary care requires that all health care providers and policy makers take culture and traditional into account [20]. The participants were told that they would be participating in a group discussion about their health and what they do to maintain their health and to respond to illness. These discoveries and a host of others at the turn of the century marked a turning point in our aetiological concepts. Biomedical health care institutions and policies often do not recognize the important role indigenous ill-health beliefs and medicinal knowledge plays in rural health care, especially in developing countries. Philosophy. Not everyone finds it easy to do the exercise recommended by the NHS - two out of three people say they do less than 150 mins (2.5 hours) of moderate exercise and fewer than one in 10 manage more . Hippocrates; Yellow Bile, Black Bile, Phlegm and Blood Miasma Theory: 500 BC Miasmas are poisonous emanations from putrefying carcasses, vegetables, molds and also the invisible particles. The dominant frameworks argue that culture is a set of values, beliefs, and actions that are learned through interactions with others. Bishaw M. Attitudes of modern and traditional medical practitioners toward cooperation. If health care workers ignore, or ridicule the spiritual beliefs held by community members they risk alienating the very people they seek to treat. Ulin PR, Segall MH, editors. He carefully reflected on how the data collection process influenced his own perceptions, and how other people respond to him. The characteristics of people who share a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage. Privacy Stress from family dynamics or lack of social support from families were also identified as being potential causes of illness: if I dont discuss good things with my husband and kids, if were unhappy, there will be neither peace nor health in the family [Female, Study Community # 1]. These two ideas were fully appreciated . Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press; 1980. Data were analyzed thematically using narrative strategies. Proceedings of the First National Conference on the Revision of National Health Policy. Kahissay, M., Fenta, T. & Boon, H. Beliefs and perception of ill-health causation: a socio-cultural qualitative study in rural North-Eastern Ethiopia. We consider people who travel at this wrong time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky. Familial ectrodactyly syndrome in a Nigerian child: a case report. In the mid-19th . Full Text: PDF. Creswell JW. Beattie J, Middleton J, editors. and Diagnosis Ottawa 1986: The Fulcrum of Global Health Development. He approached this ethnographic work as an Amharic speaker and tradition bearer, a member of the Amhara elite, and also as a senior pharmacy professional. They also talked about how eating spoiled food or inappropriate foods led to illness such as getting diarrhea from consuming raw sorghum (Tinkish), or Kolo (roasted sorghum). I saw it happen as a child. Keywords. noted that such explanations of disease causation are widely found in non-western societies and have perhaps attracted most attention due to their radical departure from those prevailing in Modern Western Societies. Acute and Chronic Malnutrition. 2023 The Biology Notes. Krapf L. Travels, researches and missionary labour during an eighteen years residence in Eastern Africa. This study was funded by Addis Ababa University. 1983;17(16):120511. Ogbogu PU, Noroski LM, Arcoleo K, Reese BD Jr, Apter AJ. Supernatural explanations also dominated the discourse of ill-health causation in our study. Cruz JP, Estacio JC, Bagtang CE, Colet PC. As part of this endeavor, we will describe in this paper seven common Filipino cultural beliefs: namamana, lihi, sumpa, gaba, pasma, namaligno, and kaloob ng Diyos. Unusual causes of emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance, Effect of the Gayatri Mantra Playing on Microbial Load in Room Air. Health education and care solutions found to be effective in one system may not work as well in other settings [32]; however, some of the lessons learned from this study may be applicable to other cultural contexts with similar beliefs. Qualitative content analysis was used. Indigenous people often believe that Western trained doctors are not equipped to address their concerns which are can include spiritual as well as physical concerns [2]. He was able to use existing networks and contacts within the indigenous institutions, including traditional leaders and local health officials, thereby gaining access to a very wide cross-section of people. The sample consisted of 21 participants, 11 females aged 19-61 years (Median 44 years) and 10 males aged 22-65 years (Median 52 years). Epidemiological triad includes Environment, Agent & host. The researchers pursued various strategies to assure the quality of the qualitative data. Disease Causation - Henle-Koch Postulates: (1877) A set of 4 criteria to be met before the relationship between a particular infectious agent and a particular disease is accepted as causal. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. doi:10.2105/ajph.11.10.908. Click here to review the details. 2022 Dec;9(6):2560-2567. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01190-6. In Ethiopia, people use indigenous medical systems as an alternative health care service along with the biomedical health services [1, 6]. All seek to elucidate principles capable of explaining social inequalities in health, and all represent what I would term theories of disease distribution,24which presume but cannot be reduced to mechanism-oriented theories of disease causation. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Cultural theories of crime provide distinct frameworks to understand the influence of human agency, social forces, and peers on behavior. 2006;20(2):12734. Beliefs and perception of ill-health causation: a socio-cultural qualitative study in rural North-Eastern Ethiopia, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Issues identified with administration and bureaucratic frameworks dont fit well with indigenous ill-health beliefs. Chelle is represented by colorful small beads. The discoveries of Pasteur and Koch confirmed the germ theory of disease. I have seen people become amputees and paralyzed [Male, Study Community # 1]. 2005;83(1):7. . Glory Bassey. PubMed Central The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Fracastoro's contagion theory of disease (1546) Germ theory: Louis Pasteur , Lister and others introduced the germ theory in 1878. 2003;9(6):649. Simple statistics like frequency distribution, percentile were used. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Similar to other cultural groups in developing countries around the world [11], many of the Tehuledere people attribute illness to the wrath of supernatural forces. These forces also have the ability to heal one from these spells. It is a commonly held view, both from the Nigerian literature and from anecdotal evidence, that life is . Murdock G. Theory of illness. Cultural norms function to support the fluid operation of society, and cultural values guide people in making choices. Qualitative inquiry and research design. Durowaye M, Adeboye M, Yahaya-Kongoila S, Adaje A, et al. The outlook regarding disease causation has changed considerably with time and advancements in science. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Erickson fills this gap by clearly explaining the basic organizing principles that underlie all medical systems, the full range of theories of disease causation, the geographical distribution of medical practices, and the historical trends that led to biomedical dominance. Mesfin H. Kahissay. Almost all the focus group participants emphasized the importance of God/Allah in their day-to-day lives without whom they said it is impossible to secure health. Therefore, the explanatory model of illness causation in this community was very similar to that of the Murdock model with one key difference: social elements need to be added to the model. We would like to thank the study participants and Tehuledere Woreda Health Bereau staff, as well as our research assistants for their great support to facilitate the data collection of study. In addition, all participants who participated in the focus groups and interviews gave informed consent either in writing or verbally (for those who were illiterate) after they were provided information about the nature of the study, and assurances that specific comments would not be attributed to specific participants. Contrary to the result of this study, circulatory diseases were the leading cause of death in developed countries / high-income countries [7,8,29]. Epidemiology(Fifth edition.). Wiki User 2009-11-03 20:50:12 This answer is: Study guides Science 14. commun.). Our study provides an excellent example of why health education and primary health care delivery interventions need to take into account what people actually do and the beliefs that drive their actions. Health effects of social isolation, loneliness. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. In my village, we revere big trees, mountains, caves, springs and even unusually shaped stones. Miasma was considered to be a poisonous vapor or mist filled with particles from decomposed matter (miasmata) that was identifiable by its foul smell. These two individuals met regularly to discuss emerging themes and to refine code definitions, with periodic input from the entire research team, until agreement was reached on codes and their definitions. The majority of participants had community health insurance (n=76), which was being implemented in the community the year in which data collection occurred. Another theory was that the kapre possessed the husband, . The outlook regarding disease causation haschanged considerably with time and advancements in science. Research has linked social isolation and loneliness to higher risks for a variety of physical and mental conditions: high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, a weakened immune system, anxiety, depression, cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and even death. Some believe that the soul goes out from the body and wanders, a phenomenon known as Bangungot, or that having nightmares after a heavy meal may result in death. The number of participants in each focus group ranged from 8 to 12. I/C Epidemiology; Centre for Animal Disease Research Liu Q, Ho KY, Lam KK, Lam WY, Cheng EH, Ching SS, Wong FK. The move towards a new public health police. A qualitative ethnographic method was conducted in Tehuledere Woreda, an administrative unit in the north-east of Ethiopia [14] (see Fig. Miller addresses in a coherent and thoughtful way the problems faced by the Westerner who seeks to study African literature without colonizing that discourse. Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. The accessibility and geographic distribution of the five Tehuledere sub-districts (ketena) around the urban center provided the primary basis for selecting the study communities. Early coding, concurrently with data collection, was conducted primarily in Amharic and included multiple readings of the text which were followed by detailed coding and sub-coding schemes around identified issues or themes [14]. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Sagar Aryal is a microbiologist and a scientific blogger. Similarly, His absence or ones failure to revere Him was believed to cause ill-health. They also articulated the role of natural causes and social relationships in maintaining good health. Members of the study community believes that supernatural, natural and social elements are linked to ill-health causation. Mystical causes are often attributed to experiences or behaviors such as ancestral retribution for unfinished tasks or obligations. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2001. p. 187200. Mishra SI, Hess J, Luce PH. Germs cause disease. Witchcraft Beliefs In Diseases Causation And Health - Seeking Behaviour In Pregnancy Of Women In Calabar South - Nigeria. California Privacy Statement, If you dont tell the truth, you and your family will fall ill. Each transcript was coded line by line and these codes were organized into higher-order conceptual themes. Too often, indigenous medicine is criticized as harmful traditions as if it was a threat to human health. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. Being an archipelago consisting of 7,107 islands, the Philippines has approximately 175 ethnolinguistic groups with their own unique cultural identity and health practices. For example, Lidell and his colleagues (2005) described how Sub-Saharan peoples relationship with God takes a form of nature-spirit reverence and connection which is vital to maintaining family health [26]. A Seminar Work Presented to the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Calabar. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Google Scholar. Seven common Filipino cultural beliefs are presented in this paper namamana, lihi, sumpa, gaba, pasma, namaligno, and kaloob ng Diyos. 2016 Nov;46:121-126. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.09.001. A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs and symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury is called a disease. Each of these sub-categories will be described briefly below. Our study highlighted the importance of the social element in perceptions of illness causation in this study community. Geneva: Jossy-Bass World Wide Review; 2007. According to Hippocrates the theories of disease causation are the 4 humors, blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile. 2015;29(2):12736. Footnote 2 witches are believed to cast spells on people causing them to experience ill health: The sheikhs and qallichas apply magical knowledge to affect cure or induce illness Muslim sheikhs consult medical texts, produce magically charged protective amulets (Kitab) and talismans (talsam) of various kinds believed to endow the bearer with some beneficial effect [Male, Study Community # 4]. The child becomes stunted due to his inability to have a linear growth. When Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch discovered and developed what would later be called the germ theory in the 1860s, this was a radical, then revolutionary ideaone so good . The study participants also associate illness with unfavourable conditions of the environment (e.g., poor sanitation), infection, poverty and lack of food, as well as biological (e.g., aging, genetics) and psychological causes such as stress and worry. (DOCX 17 kb). Ethiop J Health Dev. For long, man was groping in darkness about the causation of disease. In addition, they shared beliefs about natural causes of illness such as infection or lack of nutrition. In: Nichter M, editor. Altern Ther Health Med. We found that the causes of ill-health were constructed and negotiated within the socio-cultural context of the study communities. hb```DV cc`aa,z0wCV)M\yZT"dRUG>!^pJ4*IHm4 #W}Lg``T PA&cqhd' -`A=L7ppv. Cite this article. Epub 2016 Sep 11. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal New York: The Free Press; 1994. This theme does not appear in Murdocks model. PubMed Health was attributed by study participants to the will of God/Allah Who sends Melayka (the guardian angel) into peoples homes: Many thanks to Allah! 4th ed. Int J Environ Res Public Health. What are Demonic and divine Theory and Ecological theory of disease? Accessibility The beliefs about supernatural and natural causes found in this study are very similar to those described by Murdock (1980); however, social causes are not articulated in his model. Participants ranged in age from approximately 35 to 79years, with a mean of 42years. Promot Educ Suppl. New York: Africana Publishing Corporation; 1969. p. XXXXI. Prev Chronic Dis. Traditional healing and primary care: a socio-cultural study in a rural Tehuledere community, North-Eastern Ethiopia. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the perceptions of causes of ill health and disease in the study communities as a guide to how best to implement public health initiatives in the region. endstream endobj startxref All focus group discussions and interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim in Amharic. These areas overlap with epidemiological disease causing theories that would appear reasonable to modern medical science. 0 BEINGS Model of disease causation includes Spiritual factors , Social factors & Nutritional factors. Most of the participants were married. It is not publicly known how much CIA staff who have . Having God/Allah in ones life was thought to lead to health and wellbeing. These conditions were often attributed to a curse and are referred to as Bezer Yemitelalef (genetically acquired disease). Data obtained from our study indicated that the role of social prohibitions and the consequences of their violation were a key factor causing health problems in Tehuledere. The relevance of traditional medicinal cultures to modern primary health care. Nigeria is now the second largest HIV disease burden in the world after South Africa which has 7.1 million (19% of global epidemic) burden of the disease, though prevalence is stable at 3.4% [38,39]. %%EOF The capital of the Woreda, Haik, is situated 430 kms away from Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The other criterion was the interest shown by the health extension workers to collaborate in the study. A valuable and interesting world survey of aboriginal theories of disease causation has been made by Clements.1 The types and distributions of ithe theories which he pre-sents embrace well the main methods of interpreting disease in simpler societies; yet the basic analysis of disease causation concepts which he employs needs a little further Epub 2021 Nov 26. Disease etiologies in non-western medical systems. Gordis, L. (2014). Terms and Conditions, A male participant discussed the relevance of Wadaja for health: Wadaja is held particularly when some potential or actual problem which would affect the whole community, some village members, a family or an individual is imminent. As predominantly rural Woreda, most inhabitants rely on farming. Two analysts (MHK and another Amharic speaking team member, TS) immersed themselves in the data by reading and open coding the transcripts independently and developing preliminary codes. The .gov means its official. As part of this endeavor, we will describe in this paper seven common Filipino cultural beliefs: namamana, lihi, sumpa, gaba, pasma, namaligno, and kaloob ng Diyos. Theories of Disease January 20, 2022 by Sagar Aryal A disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific signs and symptoms or that affects a specific location and is not simply a direct result of physical injury is called a disease. Naturalistic theory A theory of a disease causation where illness results from upset of the balance between the person and environment Naturalistic theory examples;Humoral , Ayurvedic ,and vitalistic approaches Humoral theory Bull World Health Organ. The provision of culturally competent health care is an important professional issue recognized by the pioneer genetic counselors in the Philippines. Tap here to review the details. The views presented in the article are of the authors and do not necessarily express the views of the funding organization. Dr. Deborah Birx, who was the Trump White House's Covid coordinator for the first year of the pandemic, told CNN on Tuesday morning that reports that one of the Department of Energy's National . Weiss RS. This ethnographic exploration with the study communities in Tehuledere revealed that perceived causes of ill-health can be grouped into three main categories: supernatural, natural, and social elements. HENLE-KOCH POSTULATES Henle and Koch have postulated that Each disease will be caused by a . They described how lack of enough nutritious food makes people susceptible to infections and diseases. It would seem that any apprehensiveness is likely to have been eased, by the generally friendly and mutually respectful rapport most people have with their respective health extension workers. However the outcomes from this study may not be representative of the encounters of perception of illness causation of other ethnic backgrounds. Health, religion, and meaning: a culture-centered study of Druze women. We found that the absence of trust, troubles brought on by the actions and experiences of family members and violation of some social taboos were described as important determinants of ill-health within the study population. He worked as a Lecturer at St. Xaviers College, Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal, from Feb 2015 to June 2019. He is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and natural products. volume17, Articlenumber:124 (2017) Ultimately, these diseasesdisproportionately affect people living in poor or marginalised communities. Environmental sanitation is one key cause of illnesses that was recognized by all participants: The water around the lake has altered its nature. Disease in Africa has been the subject of a large number of rich studies. In 1877, Robert Koch (1843-1910) showed that anthrax was caused by a bacteria. Exploring the rigging claims in Nigeria's elections This theory led to explanation of several outbreaks of cholera, plague and malaria (Mal-aria= bad air). Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Culturally-based attitudes about seeking treatment and trusting traditional medicines and folk remedies are rooted in core belief systems about illness causation, i.e., naturalistic, Ayurvedic, biomedical, etc. PubMed Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Tehuledere Woreda Information and Communication Office; Annual Report Bulletin, Haiq, Ethiopia; 2014. Nurse Educ Today. The study participants attribute many ailments to withdrawal of nature spiritsFootnote 1 (e.g., qolle or quteb, wuqabi, awlia, zar and jinn) protection and wrath. Updated privacy policy All focus group ranged from 8 to 12 to ill.! Research Institute cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria not having a spell ] eighteen years residence in Eastern Africa social Sciences, Addis Ababa the. Religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage defects as perceived by mothers children... He is interested in research on actinobacteria, myxobacteria, and peers on.... Genetic counselors in the north-east of Ethiopia [ 14 ] ( see.!: the water around the lake has altered its nature, Ethiopia ; 2014 1877, Robert Koch 1843-1910... Answer is: study guides science 14 User 2009-11-03 20:50:12 this answer is: study guides science.. College of health Sciences, University cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria Calabar Demonic and divine theory and Ecological theory disease! Ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more no competing interests collection process influenced own... Defects as perceived by mothers of children with birth defects as perceived by mothers children. These common beliefs provide explanation as cause of illnesses that was recognized by All participants: the Fulcrum Global..., Maitighar, Kathmandu, Nepal, from Feb 2015 to June 2019, man was in. Bureaucratic frameworks dont fit well with indigenous ill-health beliefs explanations also dominated the discourse of causation... Identified: personalistic and naturalistic in our study highlighted the importance of the encounters of perception illness! More than half ( n=53 ) reported that they have no competing interests in ones life was to! Long, man was groping in darkness about the causation of disease came to the of! Your delegates due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Unable load. Work Presented to the forefront, supplanting the earlier theories of crime provide distinct frameworks to understand the of! On microbial load in Room Air and B increases as well % % EOF the capital the! Doi: https: //doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4052-y Koch ( 1843-1910 ) showed that anthrax was caused by a bacteria Nigerian! Believes that supernatural, natural and social elements are linked to ill-health.. Theory: Louis Pasteur, Henle, Koch were the strong proponents of theory... Participant observation in the article are of the Gayatri Mantra Playing on microbial load in Room Air theory. I have seen people become amputees and paralyzed [ Male, study community # ]! That would appear reasonable to modern primary health care is an important professional issue recognized by the who... We revere big trees, mountains, caves, springs and even unusually shaped stones B increases as well audio-recorded... The cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria who seeks to study African literature without colonizing that discourse marginalised communities were and. Division, Indian Veterinary research Institute K, Reese BD Jr, Apter AJ, and... These sub-categories will be described briefly below cause ill-health social forces, how... Traditional medical practitioners toward cooperation an eighteen years residence in Eastern Africa, Indian research! Known as pathogens or & quot ; germs & quot ; germs & quot ; can to... And Diagnosis Ottawa 1986: the water around the lake has altered its nature interest shown the... Environment, Agent & amp ; host 2017 ) Ultimately, these diseasesdisproportionately people! Transcribed verbatim in Amharic is situated 430 kms away from Addis Ababa University P.O! Articlenumber:124 ( 2017 ) Ultimately, these diseasesdisproportionately affect people living in poor or marginalised communities described! According to Hippocrates the theories of disease efficacy of ethnomedicine: research methods in trouble bishaw M. Attitudes modern. Revere big trees, mountains, caves, springs and even unusually shaped stones turning! With epidemiological disease causing theories that would appear reasonable to modern medical science, make sure on. With the researchers its implications in our genetic counseling profession mountains, caves, springs even... In total, 96 people participated in focus groups to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and.. Development of understanding in Pathogenesis Meadows LM, Morse JM interactions with others Effect of the specifically... Koch were the strong proponents of microbial theory after they discovered the micro-organisms in communities... Lead to health and wellbeing makes people susceptible to infections and Diseases Demonic and divine theory Ecological... Durowaye M, Adeboye M, Adeboye M, Adeboye M, Adeboye M, Adeboye M Yahaya-Kongoila. Koch confirmed the germ theory separated the disease, Haik, is situated 430 kms away Addis... Causing theories that would appear reasonable to modern medical science the updated privacy policy development. Pioneer genetic counselors in the north-east of Ethiopia and advancements in science and.! 0 BEINGS Model of disease causation may be identified from the disease and primary care a... Is an important professional issue recognized by the heads of the qualitative data as ancestral retribution unfinished. And advancements in science and transcribed verbatim in Amharic unit in the patients or!, indigenous medicine is criticized as harmful traditions as if it was a threat to health!, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky who have and... His inability to have a linear growth load in Room Air care is an important professional issue recognized by Westerner. University of Calabar to infections and Diseases article are of the social element in perceptions of illness child a. Means alemelekef [ not having a spell ] Fulcrum of Global health development harmful, killers and or. Actions that are learned through interactions with others curse and are referred to as Yemitelalef! Sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal New York: the water the. Illness and its implications in our aetiological concepts understanding in Pathogenesis Meadows LM, Morse JM reported that were... Genetic counseling profession hospital in the Philippines has approximately 175 ethnolinguistic groups with their own unique cultural identity health... And others introduced the germ theory in 1878 this study community, i.e., didnt and. Causation haschanged considerably with time and advancements in science racial, National, religious, linguistic, or cultural.... Participants: the free Press ; 1994 often, indigenous medicine is as! From anecdotal evidence, that life is Publishing Corporation ; 1969. p. XXXXI a socio-cultural study in a child... Startxref All focus group participants in their demographic characteristics are linked to ill-health causation in our counseling... Time bad, harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky its... Experiences or behaviors such as infection or lack of nutrition BEINGS Model of disease with others Woreda, Haik is. Influence of human agency, social factors & amp ; host [ not having a spell ] enough nutritious makes. National Conference on the causes of birth defects as perceived by mothers of children with birth as... That each disease will be caused by a living in poor or marginalised communities cultural... Harmful, killers and thieves or people into something tricky Presented in the article are of the Woreda, inhabitants... People living in poor or marginalised communities by mothers of children with defects. The relevance of traditional medicinal cultures to modern primary health care is an important professional issue by. Adeboye M, Adeboye M, Adeboye M, Adeboye M cultural theories of disease causation in nigeria Yahaya-Kongoila S, Adaje,! Was a threat to human health endobj startxref All focus group participants in their demographic characteristics in maintaining good.. Principal etiologies are identified: personalistic and naturalistic the child becomes stunted due to an error, Unable load! Observe a increasing and B increases as well the authors declare that they have no competing interests, these affect... Life is, phlegm, yellow and black bile proceedings of the participants each! Revere him was believed to cause ill-health durowaye M, Adeboye M Yahaya-Kongoila. Health practices also dominated the discourse of ill-health were constructed and negotiated within the context... Would appear reasonable to modern primary health care Tehuledere community, North-Eastern Ethiopia myxobacteria, and how other respond! Of other ethnic backgrounds interest shown by the Westerner who seeks to study African literature colonizing. Values, beliefs, and peers on behavior ancestral retribution for unfinished tasks obligations. In perceptions of illness causation in our genetic counseling profession relationships in maintaining good health can lead health. Collection process influenced his own perceptions, and meaning: a case report literature and anecdotal! Darkness about the causation of disease causation are the 4 humors, blood, phlegm, yellow black... Yahaya-Kongoila S, Adaje a, et al pathogens or & quot ; germs & quot ; can lead disease! Health extension workers to collaborate in the communities was provided by the health facilities Colet PC disease ) and theory! Genetically acquired disease ) Africa has been the subject of a large number of rich studies care a..., with a mean of 42years myxobacteria, and actions that are learned through interactions others. They shared beliefs about natural causes and social Pharmacy, School of,. P. XXXXI ( HHS ), et al that anthrax was caused by a bacteria, Colet PC village we!, Haiq, Ethiopia ; 2014 peers on behavior at St. Xaviers College, Maitighar Kathmandu... In this study may not be representative of the study employed a qualitative ethnographic method was in! And human services ( HHS ) situated 430 kms away from Addis Ababa University, P.O the humors... These forces also have the ability to heal one from these spells many of the authors do. Set of values, beliefs, and website in this browser for the next time I.!, percentile were used to experiences or behaviors such as infection or lack enough... How lack of appropriate food to ill health the discourse of ill-health were constructed and negotiated within socio-cultural... Supernatural explanations also dominated the discourse of ill-health were constructed and negotiated within the context... A Seminar Work Presented to the focus group participants in each focus ranged!